Subject: Re: RZ23 problem, now with bonus RZ24!
To: Ville U Hautakangas <vhautaka@cs.Helsinki.FI>
From: NetBSD Bob <nbsdbob@weedcon1.cropsci.ncsu.edu>
List: port-vax
Date: 03/22/2000 13:18:42
> > Interestingly, I had this exact same symptom and the "fix" was to specify
> > 4.2BSD when I used disklabel -i. This didn't seem to be a requirement,
>
> Right... that's exactly what I did too. My disklabelling was
> all trial and error, but seems that's the right way to do things
> sometimes :)
>
> Is there any particular order for the partitions, should the
> partition boundaries be placed in some special manner, what
> else should I know about the disk before I really try to
> run NetBSD from them?
What I do is the following. It usually always works. If you don't
yet have a machine up, you have to do this manually, and maybe there
needs to be some protolabel files kept somewhere in the archives?
Maybe an example protofile needs to be included in the INSTALL.txt?
1. disklabel -R device > device.label (where device=sd0/1/2/3/4/5)
That makes a working skeleton device protofile. It probably will
have only the c partition (entire drive) listed in its table, but,
it should fetch reasonable cylinder/head/sector info for reference.
2. edit the device.label
Figure out the numbers of sectors per track, and use that to set
partition boundaries so the end of a partition ends on a track.
That usually leaves 1 unwritten sector at the end of each partition.
Multiply heads x sectors/track x cylinders to get a value around
twice what you need for a partition, then that should be about
right (remember it is using 1/2 k blocks so you need double the
expected sizing).
3. devicea is the first partition (root)(usually 32mb but sometimes larger)
deviceb is the swap partition (size to suit for biggie ram usually at
around ram x 2 or ram x 3)
devicec is the entire drive (usually don't touch)
deviced is the fourth partition (usually var and often 32mb or larger)
devicde is the fifth partition (usually usr and as big as required or
until the end of the disk).
devicef is the sixth partition (if used... my VAXen are usually not
that well endowed with HD space, yet)
auxillary drives usually only have one or two partitions, usually one
mounted as /home or /wd1, /wd2, /wd3, or mounted onto usr/local or
usr/src or something like that. That partition is usually the ``a''
partition, but sometimes something else. Sometimes additional swap
space is put at the head of auxiliary drives, sized to suit, usually
32mb or up to ram sized should do. Nothing is particularly magic
on additional drives, but it is good karma to keep root/swap/usr/var
on the first drive and squirrel away a spare single drive fstab in
etc so you can bring it down to single drive, but full system use
in emergency.
BE CAREFUL to note the exact sizes in the protofile label. Disklabel
returns bogus sizes sometimes, and the head part of the label may
have the sizes given as different from the bottom table values,
AND may be different from the actual drive parameters. Check to
make sure they all are correct. Any returned asterisks in the table
indicates something is off. Usually the head of the label is correct,
and the table off, but sometimes both are off a bit. This is where
your actual calculations based upon the known drive parameters are
important.
4. disklabel -R -B device device.label
That writes out the disk label from the protofile and adds boot blocks.
5. disklabel -R -r device >devicecompare.label
That writes out a new copy of the label to a second file that you can
diff to see if the differences you made took correctly. It also does
not overwrite your protofile, in case something is still off and needs
some fine tuning.
6. Once you have good labels, PRINT THEM OUT and squirrel away a spare
set for safekeeping. It is good karma to make a label for each drive
on the machine, and to gather up such labels as you may expect to use
down the road. Keep them handy. Also, expand the disktab entry if you
want it to include your version of labels. Else, keep a copy of the
protolabel file handy in root or in etc or somewhere, for reuse later.
I find the above works for me, and I had lots of burps getting my VAXen
going the first time, especially relearning ed for disklabels.
Anyway, others may have lots of good ways to do it too, and I would
appreciate hearing others' good karma on the genteel art of disklabeling.
> Seems like I might finally get a standalone VAX after all this
> time...
Great! The more VAXen about, the better!
Thought... if we stack VAXen together in a closet, do they breed more
VAXen? Mebbie a good way to clone spare machines? (:+\\...
Bob