[src/trunk]: src/distrib/notes/pmax Big clean up for ramdisk install kernel (...

[simonb <simonb%NetBSD.org@localhost>]

details:   https://anonhg.NetBSD.org/src/rev/fabc3b24b9dc
branches:  trunk
changeset: 472648:fabc3b24b9dc
user:      simonb <simonb%NetBSD.org@localhost>
date:      Tue May 04 03:39:32 1999 +0000

description:
Big clean up for ramdisk install kernel (don't need diskimages in
swap partitions, etc).
Mention PROM commands here instead of pmax/prep.
Better list of set retrieval methods (based on Alpha page).
Use common/sysinst.

diffstat:

 distrib/notes/pmax/install |  397 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
 1 files changed, 256 insertions(+), 141 deletions(-)

diffs (truncated from 455 to 300 lines):

diff -r e97c1c323ddd -r fabc3b24b9dc distrib/notes/pmax/install
--- a/distrib/notes/pmax/install        Tue May 04 03:38:40 1999 +0000
+++ b/distrib/notes/pmax/install        Tue May 04 03:39:32 1999 +0000
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\"    $NetBSD: install,v 1.18 1999/01/13 07:30:08 ross Exp $  
+.\"    $NetBSD: install,v 1.19 1999/05/04 03:39:32 simonb Exp $        
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 1999 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 .\" All rights reserved.
@@ -32,25 +32,99 @@
 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .
-.(tag Reminder:
-Always back up files before installing or upgrading.
-If installing from source, always install and boot a new kernel
-before installing a new userland!
-.tag)
+.(Note
+There may be updates to this procedure available from the NetBSD/pmax
+web page, at
+.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax .
+.Note)
+.Pp
+To install or upgrade NetBSD, you need to first boot an installation
+program and then interact with the screen-menu program
+.Ic sysinst .
+The installation program actually consists of the NetBSD kernel plus
+an in-memory file system of utility programs.
+.Pp
+From most convenient to least convenient, the installation methods
+are:
+.Bl -enum
+.It
+Installation from an existing NetBSD or Ultrix system by booting the
+install kernel from an existing root filesystem.  See the
+.Sx Installing from an existing system
+section later in these INSTALL notes.
+.It
+Copying a bootable diskimage onto the beginning of a disk and installing
+onto that disk.  See the
+.Sx Install via diskimage
+section later in these INSTALL notes.
+.It
+Booting the install kernel over the network and installing onto a local
+disk.  See the
+.Sx Install via netboot install kernel
+section later in these INSTALL notes.
+.It
+Using a helper machine with a SCSI controller to copy the bootable
+diskimage onto the beginning of a disk, and moving the disk to the
+target machine.  See the
+.Sx Install via diskimage
+section later in these INSTALL notes.
+.It
+For machines with some PROMs that cannot netboot standard kernels, you
+will need to set up an NFS server with a diskless root filesystem for
+trimmed-down network install kernel and run the installation system from
+the NFS root filesystem. See the
+.Sx Install via diskless boot
+section later in these INSTALL notes.
+.El
 .Pp
-If at all possible, you should consult the
-.Em Installation Guide
-document on the NetBSD/pmax web page, at
-.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax
-It has not been possible to reproduce the pmax installation Web page
-in fixed-font hardcopy format for the \*V release. You must either visit
-the URL above, or request a rendered version (e.g., PostScript).
+You should familiarize yourself with the console PROM environment
+and the hardware configuration. The PROMs on the older DECstation
+2100 and 3100 use one syntax. The PROMs on the TurboChannel machines
+use a completely different syntax.  Be sure you know how to print
+the configuration of your machine, and how to boot from disk or
+network, as appropriate.
 .Pp
-Please check the NetBSD/pmax \*V installation instructions at
-.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/pmax/pmax-install.html
-now, and return to this document when you used those instructions to
-install a diskimage, and used sysinst to label a disk and extract the
-NetBSD/pmax _VER installation tar sets.
+On the 2100/3100, that's
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+boot -f rz(0,N,0)netbsd (boot from rzN)
+boot -f tftp()          (boot diskless via TFTP)
+boot -f mop()           (boot via MOP from an Ultrix server)
+.Ed
+On the 5000/200, the equivalent is
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+boot 5/rzN/netbsd
+boot 6/tftp
+boot 6/mop
+.Ed
+And on other  5000 series machines,
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+boot 3/rzN/netbsd
+boot 3/tftp
+boot 3/mop
+.Ed
+You will also need to know the total size (in sectors) and the
+approximate geometry of the disks you are installing onto, so that you
+can label your disks for the BSD fast filesystem (FFS).  For most SCSI
+drives (including all SCSI-2 drives), the kernel will correctly detect
+the disk geometry. The
+.Ic sysinst
+tool will suggest these as the default.
+.Pp
+If you're installing NetBSD/pmax for the first time it's a very
+good idea to pre-plan partition sizes for the disks on which you're
+installing NetBSD.  Changing the size of partitions after you've
+installed is difficult.  If you do not have a spare bootable disk, it
+may be simpler to re-install NetBSD again from scratch.
+.Pp
+Assuming a classic partition scheme with separate root (`/') and /usr
+filesystems, a comfortable size for the NetBSD root filesystem partition
+is about 32M.  A good initial size for the swap partition is twice the
+amount of physical memory in your machine (though, unlike Ultrix, there
+are no restrictions on the size of the swap partition that would render
+part of your memory unusable).  The default swap size is 64Mbytes, which
+is adequate for doing a full system build.  A full binary installation,
+with X11R6.3, takes about 150MB in `/usr' - a 200MB `/usr' should be
+ample.
 .
 .Ss2 Install\ via\ a\ NetBSD\ CDROM
 .
@@ -65,53 +139,65 @@
 .No where Ar X
 is the SCSI id of the CDROM.
 .(Note
-Ultrix does not have Rock Ridge extensions so leave out
-everything between the first and last . in the paths on the CD.
-For example, the path
+Ultrix does not have Rock Ridge extensions so leave out everything
+between the first and last period (.) in the paths on the CD.  For
+example, the path
 .Pa NetBSD-1.3.2
 would show up as
 .Pa NetBSD-1.2 .
 .Note)
 .Pp
-The diskimage file can be found on the CDROM at the following
-location (relative to the mount point of the CD)
-.Dl NetBSD-\*V/pmax/installation/diskimage/diskimage.gz
+The diskimage file can be found on the CDROM at the following location
+(relative to the mount point of the CD)
+.Dl pmax/installation/diskimage/diskimage.gz
 and the diskless boot tar file can be found at
-.Dl NetBSD-\*V/pmax/installation/netboot/diskimage.tgz
+.Dl pmax/installation/netboot/diskimage.tgz
 Once you have located these files, continue on to either
+.Sx Install via netboot install kernel ,
 .Sx Install via diskless boot ,
 .Sx Install via diskimage
 or
-.Sx Installing from Ultrix
+.Sx Installing from an existing system
 section later in the INSTALL notes.
 .
-.Ss2 Install\ via\ diskless\ boot
+.Ss2 Installing from an existing system
 .
-The preferred path is to upgrade or install by diskless-booting a
-minimal system via NFS, and using that to upgrade or install.  The file
-.Dl installation/netboot/diskimage.tar.gz
-contains a suitable set of files. (It is a tar copy of the contents of
-a root filesystem diskimage.) You will need to find an NFS server,
-unpack the tarfile, and setup BOOTP/dhcp service for your pmax.
-Complete instructions are in the installation notes or the pmax web
-page.
+.(Note
+If you are installing NetBSD using an existing NetBSD system that
+is older than NetBSD-1.4, you will need to install new bootblocks
+before installing NetBSD-\*V.  New bootblocks are in the
+tar file:
+.Dl pmax/installation/misc/bootblocks.tgz
+in the NetBSD-\*V distribution.  To install the new bootblocks,
+use the following commands:
+.D1 # Ic "cd /
+.D1 # Ic "tar xvpfz .../pmax/installation/misc/bootblocks.tgz
+.D1 # Ic "disklabel -B rzX
+where X is your boot disk SCSI ID.
+.Note)
 .Pp
-Since the system install utility, sysinst, requires a read/write root,
-netbooting is only feasible if your NFS server exports the diskless
-root read-write.  If this is not possible, you should install via
-diskimage.
+With new NetBSD bootblocks or using the Ultrix bootloader,
+you can boot the kernel located in:
+.Dl pmax/binary/kernel/install.gz
+On Ultrix systems you will need to gunzip this kernel before booting it.
+A copy of the gunzip binary for Ultrix systems is located in:
+.Dl pmax/installation/misc/gunzip.ultrix
+.Pp
+Then boot using:
+.D1 >> Ic "boot -f rz(0,X,0)install
+.D1 >> Ic "boot 5/rzX/install
+or
+.D1 >> Ic "boot 3/rzX/install
+where X is your boot disk SCSI ID, and continue to the
+.Sx Once you've booted the diskimage
+section
 .
 .Ss2 Install via diskimage
 .
-If netbooting with a
-.Em writable
-.Tn NFS
-root is not possible, the
-recommended installation is to unpack and copy a diskimage onto the
-raw partition of a disk. The diskimage file is in
-.Dl installation/diskimage/diskimage.gz
-It is shipped compressed and is around 8020 kBytes, uncompressing to
-exactly 32Mbytes.
+The diskimage file is in
+.Dl pmax/installation/diskimage/diskimage.gz .
+It is shipped compressed and is around 1150 kbytes, uncompressing to
+exactly 2 Mbytes.
 .Pp
 To install the diskimage onto disk rzX on a NetBSD/pmax system, do:
 .D1 Ic disklabel -W /dev/rrzXc
@@ -135,110 +221,139 @@
 .Ic disklabel -W
 to enable writing to the label
 area of the disk. If you forget this and/or use the `block' device,
-the dd command will silently fail.
+the dd command may silently fail.
+.Pp
+On Ultrix systems, do:
+.D1 Ic gunzip -c diskimage.gz\ |\ dd of=/dev/rrzXc bs=10240
+A copy of the gunzip program is located in
+.Dl pmax/installation/misc/gunzip.ultrix
+if you do not already have it.
 .Pp
 On MS-DOS, use an unzip utlility, then use rawrite.
 .Pp
-Then, boot using, e.g,
-.Bd -literal -offset indent
-\*>\*> boot -f rz(0,X,0)netbsd         # 3100
-\*>\*> boot 5/rzX/netbsd                       # 5000/200
-\*>\*> boot 3/rzX/netbsd                       # other machines
-.Ed
-.(Note
-replace the X with the unit number of your disk:
-boot 3/rz2/netbsd to boot drive 2 on a 5000/xxx.
-.Note)
+Then boot using:
+.D1 >> Ic "boot -f rz(0,X,0)install
+.D1 >> Ic "boot 5/rzX/install
+or
+.D1 >> Ic "boot 3/rzX/install
+where X is your boot disk SCSI ID, and continue to the
+.Sx Once you've booted the diskimage
+section.
+.
+.Ss2 Install via netboot install kernel
+.
+Booting NetBSD/pmax \*V install kernel over a network requires a BOOTP
+or DHCP server and a TFTP server.  (These are usually all run on the
+same machine.)  There are two basic stages to the boot:
 .Pp
-then continue from ``Once you've booted the diskimage''.
+.
+.Bl -bullet
+.It
+The pmax PROM software sends a BOOTP request to get its own address, the
+address of the TFTP server and the file to download.
+.It
+It downloads the file name obtained from BOOTP, which is the install
+kernel, via TFTP and then executes it.
+.El
 .
-.Ss2 Installing from Ultrix
+.Pp
+You will need to set up servers for BOOTP and TFTP.
+.Pp
+For the BOOTP server you need to specify the:
+.Pp
+.
+.Bl -bullet -compact
+.It
+hardware type (Ethernet)
+.It
+hardware address (Ethernet MAC address)
+.It
+IP address of the client
+.It
+subnet mask of the client
+.It
+address of the TFTP server
+.It
+name of the kernel loaded via TFTP
+.El
 .
-The Ultrix bootloader can boot ECOFF-format NetBSD kernels.
-So the technique of dd'ing a disk image into swap, copying
-a kernel to the root, and then booting via the "n" argument
-should work with Ultrix too.  Since Ultrix cannot mount
-4.4BSD format FFS filesystems, just dd the diskimage into